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Parkinson"s disease - перевод на Английский
A DISEASE BELIEVED TO BE CAUSED BY A VIRAL ILLNESS THAT TRIGGERS DEGENERATION OF THE NERVE CELLS IN THE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA. OVERALL, THIS DEGENERATION LEADS TO CLINICAL PARKINSONISM.
Parkinson disease, postencephalitic; Postencephalitic parkinsonism
Parkinson's disease
n. de ziekte van Parkinson (een ernstige ziekte van de zenuwen)
alzheimer disease
![Stages of [[atrophy]] in Alzheimer's](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alzheimer’s Disease, Spreads through the Brain (24524716351).jpg?width=200 "Stages of [[atrophy]] in Alzheimer's")
![Alois Alzheimer's patient [[Auguste Deter]] in 1902. Hers was the first described case of what became known as Alzheimer's disease.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Auguste D aus Marktbreit.jpg?width=200 "Alois Alzheimer's patient [[Auguste Deter]] in 1902. Hers was the first described case of what became known as Alzheimer's disease.")
![Three-dimensional [[molecular model]] of [[donepezil]], an [[acetylcholinesterase inhibitor]] used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease symptoms](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Donepezil 1EVE.png?width=200 "Three-dimensional [[molecular model]] of [[donepezil]], an [[acetylcholinesterase inhibitor]] used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease symptoms")
![granulovacuolar degeneration bodies]] (bottom center)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Histopathology of Alzheimer's disease.jpg?width=200 "granulovacuolar degeneration bodies]] (bottom center)")
![Intellectual activities such as playing [[chess]] or regular social interaction have been linked to a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease in epidemiological studies, although no causal relationship has been found.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Honoré Daumier 032.jpg?width=200 "Intellectual activities such as playing [[chess]] or regular social interaction have been linked to a reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease in epidemiological studies, although no causal relationship has been found.")
![[[Cognitive test]]s such as the [[Mini–Mental State Examination]] (MMSE) can help in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In this test instructions are given to copy drawings like the one shown, remember some words, read, and subtract numbers serially.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/InterlockingPentagons.svg?width=200 "[[Cognitive test]]s such as the [[Mini–Mental State Examination]] (MMSE) can help in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. In this test instructions are given to copy drawings like the one shown, remember some words, read, and subtract numbers serially.")
![Molecular structure of [[memantine]], a medication approved for advanced Alzheimer's disease symptoms](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Memantine.svg?width=200 "Molecular structure of [[memantine]], a medication approved for advanced Alzheimer's disease symptoms")
![PET scan]] of the brain of a person with Alzheimer's disease showing a loss of function in the temporal lobe](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PET Alzheimer.jpg?width=200 "PET scan]] of the brain of a person with Alzheimer's disease showing a loss of function in the temporal lobe")
PROGRESSIVE, NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY MEMORY LOSS
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n. degeneratieve ziekte van het centrale zenuwstelsel gekenmerkt door dementie (hoofdzakelijk bij bejaarden)
health problems
 - Portrait of a Gentleman - Google Art Project.jpg?width=200 "archive-date=2 May 2009}}</ref> It is now generally regarded as a disease.")
ABNORMAL CONDITION NEGATIVELY AFFECTING ORGANISMS
Diseases; Morbility; Morbidity; Illness; Ailment; Medical condition; Illnesses; Ill-health; Medical disorder; Human disease; Organic disease; Organic origin; Refractory disease; Organic basis; Organic symptom; Organic cause; Morbid; Human diseases; Malady; Medical illness; Physical ailment; Disorder (medicine); Ail (health); Ailments; Medical conditions; Diseased; Disorder (medical); Ails; Dis-ease; Organic disorder; General medical condition; Flare-up; Complex disorders; Late stage disease; Spectrum of clinical disease; Infirm; Infirmity; Maladies; Flareup; Physiological disorder; Physical illness; Head and brain malformations; Health problem; Sicken; Health problems; Pathosis; Morbidly; Ilness; General disorder; Acquired disorder; Physiological disease; Morbidities; Predisease; Disease state; Disease states
gezondheidsproblemen
Определение
Parkinson's disease
¦ noun a progressive disease of the brain and nervous system marked by tremor, muscular rigidity, and slow, imprecise movement.
Derivatives
Parkinsonian adjective
Parkinsonism noun
Origin
C19: named after the English surgeon James Parkinson.
Википедия
Post-encephalitic parkinsonism
Post-encephalitic parkinsonism is a disease believed to be caused by a viral illness that triggers degeneration of the nerve cells in the substantia nigra. Overall, this degeneration leads to clinical parkinsonism.
Historically, starting in 1917 an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica, also called von Economo's encephalitis or "sleepy-disease" occurred, possibly related to the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic; however, even with the use of modern molecular diagnostic tests on appropriate corpses, no firm link between encephalitis lethargica with influenza has been made. Although parkinsonism was occasionally seen during the acute encephalitic phase of encephalitis lethargica, it was often encountered in the post-encephalitic phase. The onset of post-encephalitic parkinsonism may occur several years after the resolution of encephalitis lethargica.
The brain regions affected contain neurofibrillary tangles, similar to those seen in Alzheimer's disease. Nevertheless, the senile plaques common in Alzheimer's disease are not found.
Примеры употребления для Parkinson"s disease
1. He said stem cell technology would bring about a revolution in the treatment of not only cancer but also many other life–threatening diseases such as heart ailment, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injuries and muscle damage.